Adding-machine.



H. H. BLACKWELL.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 31.1912.

Patented 001:. 31,1916.

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APPLICATION FILED JULY 31.1912. 1,202,781. Patented 001. 31,1916.

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ADDING MACHINE.

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1,202,781. Patented Oct 31,1916.

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APPLICATION FILED JULY 31.1912.

H. H. BLACKWELL.

ADDING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 31, 1916.

5 $HEETS-SHEET 4.

ADDING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 31,1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

H. H. BLACKWELL.

I APPLICATION FILED JULY 31.1912. 1,202,781.

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1,202,781, Specification of Letters Patent. r P t t d-Oat, 31, 1916, i Q Application filed Jul 31,1912. Serial No. 712,527. a

To all whom it may concern: 9 9 and thence outwardthrough the slot. The

Be it known that I, HERBERT H. BLACK- WELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kenbridge, in the county of Lunenburg and State of Virginia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Adding Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to adding machines.

The primary object of the invention is to provide an adding machine having improved means for inking the type and printing the characters upon the paper strip directlyfrom the type.

' parts, hereinafter A further object of the invention is to provide an adding machine embodying a number and novel construction 'and relationship of working parts adapted to be quickly and conveniently operated.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an adding machine embodying novel and improved printing mechanism and novel and improved means whereby such printing mechanism is readily adjustable to print the numbers of a row of figures andthe totals of a column of rows of figures and to he returned to normal position.

lVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists of the features of construction, combination and arrangement of fully described and Y claimed, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawmgs, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an adding machine my invention with one side of the casing removed and-the parts appearing in normal position. Fig. 2 is a horizontal transverse section on the line 2'2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3,

showing the parts in printing position. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view on line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a casing having a generally sloping top 2 provided at its upper rear portion with a partially circular inclosure 3 for a paper roll 4. mounted upon a, shaft or spindle 5. The top 2 is formed adjacent said inclosure with a slot 6 for the outward feed of the paper strip. The end 7 of this strip passes from the body of the roll 4 around suitable guide rolls-8 and beneath a platen or printing roll shaft of the roll 9 has fixed thereto a pair of ratchet wheels 10, each engaged by a feed dog 11 carried by one arm of a bell-crank lever 12, the opposite arms of which levers tuting a. series of operating keys, ten in 7 number, and bearing the digits from 0 to 9, lncluslve and other or special keys designated, respectively E, R and T, for purposes hereinafter explained.

Arranged within the casing are alined spaced pairs of superposed stationary longitudinal guides 14 and 15, equal in number to the operating keys, and on which are arranged to travel sets of slides 16 and 17. Connected with the lower ends of said slides is a series of slide bars 18, and connected with the upper ends of said slides is a corresponding series of slidebars 19, the bars 18 and 19 thus being arranged in pairs, the bars of each pair being movable with their connecting slides in unison with each other. By this construction a series of variably movable slide frames is provided, one for each operating key, each slide frame including a lower bar 18 and an upper bar 19. Each bar 18 is provided with a longitudinal series of rack teeth 20, a stop lug 21 and a V to the operating keys and adapted to have free forward movement and held from rearward movement by stop pins 25.

Arranged within the casing beneath the sets of slides are front and rear pairs of posts 26 and 27 carrying guides 28 for a transversely sliding carriage 29. This carriage 29- is normally disposed at the righthand side of the casing laterally beyond the first set of slides, and includes a series of spaced parallel bars or frame members 30 arranged in pairs, each pair carrying cross pins or rods 31, 32 and 33. The pairs of bars or frame members are equal in number to the sets of slides, and each of said pairs of bars or frame members carries a series of ten stop fingers 34, pivotally mounted to swing vertically on the rods 31. The fining rod 33, the cam face 37 thereof comes latches normally in engagement with the rods 33, and as shown, these springs are preferably mounted on the rods 31. The

carriage is adapted to be moved intermittently to the left to successively bring the rows of stop fingers beneath a row of tumblers or knocker arms 40 carried by rockshafts ll coupled by links 41 to pivoted levers 42 fulcrumed on a rod 42 carried by the posts 26 and connected with the respective digit-keys. These tumblers or knockerarms are adapted when operated to en ge the cam faces 37 of the latches and orce said latches out of engagement with the retaining rods 33, thus permitting the released stop fingers to be projected upward by the springs 38. As the shoulder 36 of each latch moves out of engagement with its retainin contact with said rod, against which it is held by the coacting spring 39, and thus acts as a guide in the subsequent restoration of the latch to normal position. The carriage and stop fingers constitute setting mechanism controlled by the digit-keys for variably controlling the movements of the sets of slides which adjust the printing devices to printing position. As will be apparent, the setting fingers are projectable upward to lie in the paths of the lugs 21 and dogs 22 of the slides with which they are brought in register, to limit the degree of forward travel of said slides, whereby provision is made for adjusting the characters of the printing mechanism to selective printing position. On the forward travel of a slide the lug 21 abuts against the upwardly projected finger to hold said slide against movement beyond a predetermined position, and in such direction of travel the dog 22 is free to slide over the finger. On the backward or return travel of the slide to normal position, the dog 22 is held from forward movement by the pin 23 and strikes the coacting finger, thus returning said finger to normal position. Springs 43 are provided for drawing the slides forwardly when released for travel. The slides are held from travel against the resistance of the springs 43 by a retainer bar 44 carried by arms 45 projecting from a horizontal transverse rock shaft 46, which shaft is coupled at each end by jointed arms or toggle levers or depressed condition to throw the retainer bar 44 back to permit travel of the slides under the action of the springs v43. The arms 45 are connected to the posts 27 by springs 52 which are stronger than the springs 43 and normal! hold 0 retainer barretracted and the slides fix'ed against travel. Links 53 project upward from the sets of toggle-levers and 48 and at their upper ends are slotted, as at 54,-to

slidably and pivotally engage fulcrum pins 55. Carried by said links is a yoke formed by crank arms 56 and a cm rod 57, which latter passes through longitudinal slots 58 formed in a top series of slide bars 59, each carrying a longitudinal row of printing types or characters 60 correspondin to the series of digits or characters on t e bank of digit-keys. The printing bars are pivoted at their rear ends to the tive guides 16, as at 61,.and are thus arran ed to travel with the respective-pairs of sli es, and are movably supported at their opposite ends by the links 53 and levers 47, so that by the adjustment ,of the slides the type characters may be selectively d beneath the platen roller 9 and then tilted upwardly by the rocking motion of the shaft 46 to bring the selected type characters into contactwith the portion of the pa r strip on gaging the bottom of the platen roll. The rod 13 connecting the ratchet feed levers 12 is arranged in the path of upward motion of the printing bars so that on the printing motion of said bars the dogs 11 will be swung downwardly and rearwardly and caused to ride over the ratchet wheels 10 back to feeding position, so that when the printing bars are retracted and the dogs return to normal position by gravity, the roller 9 will be turned to feed up the paper strip to the next printing line.

62 is an inking roller carried by ivoted arms 63 so as to be vertically movah c, with the type bars. Ink may be an lied to this roller from a suitable font. shown.)

The means for laterally adjusti the car riage 29 comprises a toothed whel al 64, having teeth equal in number to the pairs of setting slides, and which en ge the teeth of a rack-sleeve 63 conn with the carriage and slidably mounted on the trans verse bar or rod 28, the parts being normally retained in initial position by one or more retractin springs 66. On the same shaft as the whee s 64 is a ratchet 67 normally engaged and heldfrom MTG movement by a pivoted gravity dog 68 ving a retractis depressed to project a stop-finger of the series'of fingers arranged in setting position, the actuated key lever engages and moves the bar 73 downward against the resistance /of spring 75, which, upon retraction of said lever, returns the bar to normal position.

As the lever 72 moves downward with the bar, the dog 71 slides out of engagement Y with the tooth with which it has been engaged and into engagement with the next succeeding tooth, so that on the upward movement of the bar the ratchet wheel 67 and feed wheel 64 are turned, the distance of one tooth, whereby the carriage 29 is moved to the left the distance of one spaceto bring the next succeeding row of stop-fingers into alinement with the key-tumblers. In this operation the dog 68 remains in'engagement with the ratchet'wheel and permits the feed wheel to have feed motion, while preventing its retrograde rotation and the retraction of the carriage bythe spring 66. The lever 72 is connected by link 76 with a trip lever 77 retained in normal position by a spring 78, said lever being arranged in the path of movement of a trip lug 79 pivotally mounted on one of the arms 49 of the releasing lever 50, said trip lug normally resting on a stop 80. When the releasing lever is depressed the lug 79 strikes the lever 77 andtilts upward'and passes below said lever,.but on its upward movement swings said lever 77 upward thus drawing the lever 72 to the left and moving the dog 71 out of engagement with the ratchet wheel. In its outward movement the dog'7l engages the cam face of thearm 69 and thereby tilts said arm and lifts the dog 68 out of engagement with the ratchet wheel, whereupon the spring 66 acts to return the carriage 29 supporting the key-controlled setting fingers to normal or initial position.

A transverse shaft 81 passes through the space between the slides 18 and 19 and the guide bars 14 and 15 and is mounted for vertical movement at its endsin slotted guide brackets 82, said shaft being carried by the arms of a bail-shaped lever 83 normally held elevated by sustaining springs 84 and connected with and adapted to be'depressed by the totals key T. On said shaft is loosely mounted a transverse series of add-V ing Wheels 85, equal in number to the operating keys, pairs of slides and type bars, and each having ten peripheral teeth. These wheels are normally arranged above and out of engagement with the rack teeth 20 of the slides; but in position to be engaged by the dogs 24, which are adapted on the forward travel of the slides to turn the wheels distanoes corresponding to the ranges of travel of the-slides, and upon the rearward motion 70 of the slides to ride over said teeth. Each wheel, with the exception of the first of the series, carries acam 86,"-the point of which forms an elevating surface and a stop shoulder adapted to be engaged by the free endof I a lever 87 carried by a rock shaft 88-journaled on an upright 89 fixed to the adjacent guides 14, which shaft also carries an arm 90 provided-with a dog or pawl 91 to engage the teeth of the next adjacent wheel of the series, said dog being adapted on its upward motion to ride freely over the teeth of the wheel and on its downward motion, on the fall of the lever and arm by gravity, to engage a tooth and turn the wheel the distance of a tooth. By this construction each forward wheel of the series when given one complete revolution will move the next or following wheel a .distance of one tooth, whereby the adding, wheels will be cooperatively set for adjusting the type bars to bring the type thereon into position for printing the totals of any preceding rows or columns of numerals printed on the strip. When the shaft 81 is depressed by means of the totals key, the wheels will be moved downward out of the path of the dogs 2 of the bars 19 into engagement with the teeth 20 of the bars 18, so that the wheels, which may turn back to the same extent that thev have previously been turned forwardly, will act as regulating devices controlling the motion of the slides for adjusting the printing bars to add the previously printed sum or print up the total.

Connected with the carriage 29 is a vertically movable guard bar or plate 92- which, when the carriage is in normal position, lies in advance of all the slides, This bar or plate is movable longitudinally through an opening 93 in the casing and is adapted to hold from forward movement, when the bar 44 is moved outward, all those slides which are not directly above the carriage, and in the travel of the carriage to successively pass each slide to free it for movement. This bar, therefore, will hold from forward travel all the slides and type carrying bars except those for which the stop fingers are set. Connections 94 couple said bar to the lever arms 83 so that when the key T is depressed to depress the adding wheels are described, the bar will also be depressed' to allow all of the slidesand type bars to move forwarc for the printing of the total.

V For the purpose of enabling the carriage and set-up stop fingers to :be retruned to normal position when an'error is made in striking any key, a retracting mechanism is provided comprising a plate 95* having atits 130 sides lugs 96 engaging a transverse rod or bar 97 sliding vertically in slots 98 in depending guide hangers 99, which project at their lower ends downwardly through slots in the plate 95. The said plate 95 is provided with rows ofretracting lugs or projections 100, which are equal in number to the rows of stop fingers on the carriage and are arranged above the res ctive rows of stop fingers when the carriage is in normal position, as shown in Fig. 4. The error key E is operatively connected with a pivoted lever 101 with which is connected a slotted arm 102 engaging the rod or bar 97, whereby the lever 101 when depressed by the error key will correspond-- ingly depress the plate 95 to cause the lugs or projections 100 overlying the projected fingers to engage and depress or retract said fingers, thereby rendering them inoperative for adjustment of the controlling slides. Carried by the lever 101 is a pin 103 engaging the slotted end 104 of a link 105 which pivotally couples the lever 101 with the lever 72, whereby when the lever 101 is actuated to depress the plate 95 the link 105 will be straightened out to a determined degree immediately upon the retraction of the fingers by the projections 100 to tilt the lever 72 laterally to the left in Fig. 3, thereby moving the dog 71 out of engagement with the ratchet wheel 67 and retracting the dog 68, so that the spring 66 will return the carriage 29, with the setting fingers retracted, to normal or initial position, so that the setting fingers may be reset for the correction of the error.

In operation, it will be understood that, with the parts in normal position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the first row of setting fingers on the carriage are disposed above the row of key-tumblers or triggers, so that upon the depression of the ke representing the first numeral of a row to be printed the corresponding finger will be pro ected. At the same time the action of the key will depress the feed bar 73, whereby the wheel 64 will be operated to feed the setting carriage to the left a distance of one row or space, to bring the second row of fingers above the key tumblers. The key representing the second numeral to be printed is then depressed, thus projecting the corresponding finger in the second row of the setting mechanism, and upon the release of such key the carriage is moved a second step to the left to bring the third row of fingers above the tumblers. In this manner the fingers representing the numerals of a row of any number up to ten figures may be projected and the rows of set fingers brought beneath the corresponding slides, to regulate the movements of the latter for the selective adjustment of the type bars to printing position. As the carriage intermittently feeds beneath the slides, the inner end of the guard bar or plate 92 successively moves out of registry with each slide below which a row of fin rs is bro ht for controlling action. A r the setting mechanism has thus been adjusted for regulating the action of the printing bars to print a row of figures, the release key R is depressed, 'as a result of which the retainer bar 44 will first be thrown rearwardly by the upward motion of the links 47 and 48 to rmit of the travel of the freed slides an movement of the corresponding type bars to the printing position, after which said links will be elevated sufiiciently for the adjustment of the links 53 to move the printing bars upward on their printin motion. Upon the release of the key the springs 52 return the slides and printing bars to normal position, and as the printing bars drop and move backwardly the dog 11 is actuated to ,feed up the aper strip a regulated distance. On the kward motion of the slides, the dogs 22 depress the projected fingers to normal position, but the dogs 24 ride over the teeth of the wheels 85, leaving the latter in the positions to which they have been adjusted. As soon as this occurs the lug 79 trips the lever 77, thus retracting the pawls 68 and 71, whereupon'the springs 66 return the setting carriage 29 to normal position. After a col-' umn of rows of figures has been printed on the strip by successive operations of the character described, and it is desired to print the sum totals which have been added by the adjustment of the wheels 85, the key T is depressed, whereby the shaft 81 and wheels 82 are thrown downward out of the path of the dogs 24 and into engagement with the'teeth 20 of the slides 18, while at the same time the bar or plate 92 is depresed to free all the slides for travel. Upon the de ression of the release key R, the slides will then move forward under the action of the springs 66, whereby the wheels 85 will be turned backwardly until 'the motion of each wheel isarrested by the engagement of the stop shoulder of its cam with the lever 87, whereby each wheel is permitted to rotate backwardl an extent equal to that it has previously n rotated forwardly and to arrest the motion of the slides and printing bars upon the adjustment of the latter to bring the type characters thereon representing the totals into printing position, the continued motion of the release lever resulting in the totals being printed on the strip, as will be readily understood. The adding wheels will thus be returned to normal position, and upon the release of the key T the springs 43 will operate to return the type bars and slides to normal ition, thus resetting the machine for rther use. If the error has been made in setting any one of the-number of a row of setting fingers ,to controlthe slides for the printing of a row of charac ters, the carriage and setting fingers may be retracted or returned to normal position by the depression of the error key E in the manner previously described.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings, the construction and mode of operation of my improved adding machine will be readily understood, and it will be seen that the invention provides a machine which is simple of construction and operation, which provides for the direct printing of the characters upon the slip Without the use of an inking ribbon, which adapts the type characters to be selectively adjusted and operated for printing in an easy and convenient manner, and which provides for the ready printing of the totals of a column of figures of any length.

I claim 1. An adding machine comprising longitudinally and vertically movable printing bars, automatically movable slides controlling action of said bars to which the bars are pivoted at one end, springs for automatically feeding the slides forward, a pivot arm for yieldingly holding the bars and slides from movement, retracting means operative to normally hold said partsfrom action and to return the same to normal position after actuation against the resistance of said springs, rocker arms movable with the said pivot arm, key-controlled means for governing the action of said arms,

means slidably and pivotally engaging the printing bars for raising and lowering the same in unison, and connections between the rocker arms and said means.

2. An adding machine including a series of printing devices, a series of automatically movable setting slides controlling the same,

key-controlled means for regulating the degrees of motion of the setting slides when released, key-controlled retaining means for normally holding the setting, slides from action and for freeing them or movement,

'a series of adding wheels, means upon the setting slides for turning the wheels to pre determined degrees governed by the extent of motion of the slides, a movable retaining bar for holding all the slides from movement and successively releasing each slide, and key-controlled means for simultaneously moving said bar out of the path of motion of the slides and adjusting the addparts to normal position after actuation against the resistance of said springs, rocker arms movable with the said pivot arm, keycontrolled means governing the action of said arms, and connections between said rocker arms andprinting bars for moving said bars to rinting position.

4. An adding machine including a series of printing devices, a Series of spring actuated setting slides controlling the same, keycontrolled means for regulating the degrees of motion of the setting slides when released, key-controlled retaining means for normally holding the setting slides from action and for freeing them for movement, a series of adding Wheels, means upon the setting slides for turning the Wheels to predetermined degrees governed by the extent of motion of the slides, a horizontal transversely movable retaining bar for holding all the slides from movement and successively releasing each slide, and key-controlled means for simultaneously moving said bar out of the path of motion of the slides and adjusting the adding Wheels into engagement with the setting slides to control the motions of said slides for a totals printing action.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature inpresence of two witnesses.

- HERBERT H. BLAGKWELL.

-- Witnesses:

I W. V. BLAOKWELL,

; J. E. ORor'roN, Jr, 

